Serbia to reinstate compulsory military service starting in 2026

Dismantling of tent camps in Belgrade

Following student protests in central Belgrade, the authorities have begun dismantling tent camps. Serbia’s President Aleksandar Vučić said the measures pose no threat to citizens and are aimed at restoring order in the capital.

Restoration of compulsory military service

Starting in 2026, men aged 19 to 27 will undergo mandatory military service lasting 75 days, including two months of intensive training and two weeks of field exercises. For women, service will remain voluntary. Vučić said the program is intended to foster responsibility among young people and provide an opportunity to contribute to the country.

Alternative civilian service

Citizens who refuse armed service on moral or ideological grounds will be able to choose alternative civilian service, but its duration will exceed 150 days, roughly twice as long as the military program.

Why draft is returning

The decision to restore compulsory service is explained by the need to strengthen national defense amid global instability, despite Serbia’s official policy of military neutrality.

Regional context

Lithuania has also announced sweeping defense reforms, launching a one-year conscription model to build reserves and improve readiness. An updated format of compulsory basic military service will be in effect from January 2 to December 31, 2026, according to the Lithuanian Armed Forces.

At the same time, officials say there are no signs that NATO member states face an imminent attack from Russia. Estonia’s Foreign Intelligence Service Director Kaupo Rosin noted that Moscow has adjusted its behavior following Western responses to earlier provocations, including damage to Baltic Sea subsea cables and drone incursions into NATO airspace.