Moscow shaken as trade with Beijing tumbles ahead of Putin-Xi talks

Russia is facing a drop in trade volumes with China and aims to reverse this trend ahead of the upcoming leaders’ summit in the northern port city of Tianjin.

According to Chinese customs data, from January to July 2025, trade between the two countries fell by 8.1% compared to the same period last year. This decline is partly explained by a natural correction following the record trade levels of 2024; however, Moscow views the situation with concern.

Reasons for the trade decline

Russian oil exports to China have decreased by nearly 20%, while imports from China of smartphones, computers, and vehicles have fallen by 27–46%, depending on the product category.

At the same time, exports of aluminum, copper, and nickel from Russia are increasing, along with the import of cheaper goods, which calls for simplified customs procedures.

Areas of potential growth

Russian officials are considering expanding cooperation in agriculture, energy, and transport projects, including the Power of Siberia-2 pipeline.

Political context

Putin aims to use the summit to strengthen the strategic partnership and demonstrate resistance to US influence.

Analysts note that China acts primarily in its own interests and remains the dominant player in the relationship, while Russia relies on Beijing’s support in economic and military areas.

The summit is expected to be an important step in restoring bilateral trade and strengthening strategic cooperation between Moscow and Beijing, though economic and political asymmetry remains a key factor in these relations.

The meeting between Putin and Xi Jinping will mark another crucial stage in supporting bilateral relations and Moscow’s attempts to stabilize trade with its main economic partner.

Moscow has found a buyer for its sanctioned gas. A Russian liquefied gas tanker docked in China for the first time, despite US sanctions.