Strong solar flare occurs in May — Prepare for geomagnetic storms
Should we expect strong geomagnetic storms in the coming days (photo: freepik.com)
A class X2.7 eruption from sunspot AR4087 occurred between May 13 and 14. This flare caused radio blackouts across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. Scientists say solar flares of this magnitude are rare, and class X is the strongest classification. Should we expect strong geomagnetic storms? Space explains whether to prepare for them and how to respond.
A strong solar flare
According to NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC), X-class solar flares are rare events. All flares are classified by strength: A, B, C, M, and X, with each step representing a tenfold increase in energy. The recent flare reached X2.7 power, which is at the lower end of the most powerful class.
The eruption resulted in a burst of X-ray and ultraviolet radiation that traveled to Earth at the speed of light, rapidly ionizing the upper layers of the atmosphere. This sudden change disrupted high-frequency radio signals, causing communication outages for some radio operators.
Will there be geomagnetic storms?
Scientists say a coronal mass ejection (CME) — a massive burst of solar plasma and magnetic field that often accompanies an X-class flare — has not yet been confirmed, though there’s a high likelihood it occurred.
CMEs can cause strong geomagnetic storms and bright auroras if they collide with Earth's magnetic field. However, since AR4087 is still near the edge of the Sun, our planet is currently outside the main danger zone. That may soon change, as AR4087 rotates toward Earth and has already triggered several solar flares.
"This is getting intense, especially as this active region turns closer into view. This same AR just produced an M5.3 flare a few hours ago. What does this AR have planned over the next days … we'll have to wait and see," wrote aurora chaser Vincent Ledvina.
Scientists also reported that another massive flare, an M7.74, occurred earlier in the morning. If this activity continues, future eruptions could strongly affect geomagnetic activity and create auroras.
For now, scientists are warning of a moderate geomagnetic storm (Kp index 4) on Thursday, May 15. The full impact of the flare will become clearer over the coming days. It’s possible that Earth may be affected between May 17 and 20.
How to protect your body during geomagnetic storms
Experts recommend reducing physical activity, resting, and avoiding stress on geomagnetic storm days.
It’s important to get quality sleep (7–9 hours per night) and maintain a regular daily routine: going to bed by 11:00 PM, eating regular meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner), and staying hydrated. Avoid unhealthy foods and drinks.
Fresh air, airing out rooms, positive emotions, relaxing evening activities, and limiting screen time (especially in the evening) will help your body cope with the stress.
People with chronic illnesses should rest more, monitor their health carefully, and keep necessary medications on hand.
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